What is the Qanat system?

The antiquated 'qanat system' is suggested as a remedy for the acute water scarcity in arid regions of Africa. This water-supply system, which has its roots in arid regions across the globe, uses sloping tunnels to transport mountain water in order to address scarce water supplies. Qanats, also called "foggara" or "falaj," have been in use for centuries in parts of Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa. With no electricity needed, this gravity-based system promotes social cohesion by being sustainable, minimizing evaporation, and offering extensive irrigation potential.